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  1. Beak morphology exhibits considerable adaptive plasticity in birds, which results in highly varied or specialized forms in response to variations in ecology and life history. As the only parid species endemic ...

    Authors: Yalin Cheng, Bin Gao, Haitao Wang, Naijian Han, Shimiao Shao, Shaoyuan Wu, Gang Song, Yong E. Zhang, Xiaojia Zhu, Xin Lu, Yanhua Qu and Fumin Lei

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:58

    Content type: Research

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  2. Acoustic properties of vocalizations can vary with the internal state of the caller, and may serve as reliable indicators for a caller’s emotional state, for example to prevent conflicts. Thus, individuals may...

    Authors: Georgine Szipl, Eva Ringler, Michela Spreafico and Thomas Bugnyar

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:57

    Content type: Research

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  3. Social learning allows animals to eavesdrop on ecologically relevant knowledge of competitors in their environment. This is especially important when selecting a habitat if individuals have relatively little p...

    Authors: Jelmer M. Samplonius, Iris M. Kromhout Van Der Meer and Christiaan Both

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:56

    Content type: Research

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  4. Climate is often considered as a key ecological factor limiting the capability of expansion of most species and the extent of suitable habitats. In this contribution, we implement Species Distribution Models (...

    Authors: Mattia Iannella, Francesco Cerasoli and Maurizio Biondi

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:55

    Content type: Research

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  5. Many legged animals change gaits when increasing speed. In insects, only one gait change has been documented so far, from slow walking to fast running, which is characterised by an alternating tripod. Studies ...

    Authors: Tom Weihmann, Pierre-Guillaume Brun and Emily Pycroft

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:54

    Content type: Research

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  6. Human populations and breeds of domestic animals are composed of individuals with a multiplicity of eye (= iris) colorations. Some wild birds and mammals may have intraspecific eye color variability, but this ...

    Authors: Juan J. Negro, M. Carmen Blázquez and Ismael Galván

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:53

    Content type: Hypothesis

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  7. Bone structure has a crucial role in the functional adaptations that allow vertebrates to conduct their diverse lifestyles. Much has been documented regarding the diaphyseal structure of long bones of tetrapod...

    Authors: Eli Amson, Patrick Arnold, Anneke H. van Heteren, Aurore Canoville and John A. Nyakatura

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:52

    Content type: Research

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  8. Insemination in scorpions is carried out by means of a partly sclerotized structure, the spermatophore, which is composed of two separate halves, the hemispermatophores. In most genera these reproductive struc...

    Authors: Lionel Monod, Lucie Cauwet, Edmundo González-Santillán and Siegfried Huber

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:51

    Content type: Research

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  9. Vocal sequences - utterances consisting of calls produced in close succession - are common phenomena in animal communication. While many studies have explored the adaptive benefits of producing such sequences,...

    Authors: Pawel Fedurek, Klaus Zuberbühler and Stuart Semple

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:50

    Content type: Research

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  10. Exposure to future ocean acidification scenarios may alter the behaviour of marine teleosts through interference with neuroreceptor functioning. So far, most studies investigated effects of ocean acidification...

    Authors: Matthias Schmidt, Heidrun Sigrid Windisch, Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski, Sean Lando Levin Seegert, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Daniela Storch and Christian Bock

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:49

    Content type: Research

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  11. Unlike Drosophila but similar to other arthropod and vertebrate embryos, the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum develops everted limb buds during embryogenesis. However, the molecular processes directing the evagin...

    Authors: Susanne Thümecke, Anke Beermann, Martin Klingler and Reinhard Schröder

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:48

    Content type: Research

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  12. The maintenance of species and the promotion of speciation are closely related to chromosomal rearrangements throughout evolution. Decapoda represents the most species-rich order among crustaceans and, despite...

    Authors: Zeltia Torrecilla, Andrés Martínez-Lage, Alejandra Perina, Enrique González-Ortegón and Ana M. González-Tizón

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:47

    Content type: Research

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  13. Animal toxins can have medical and therapeutic applications. Principally, toxins produced by insects, arachnids, snakes and frogs have been characterized. Venomous mammals are rare, and their venoms have not b...

    Authors: Krzysztof Kowalski, Paweł Marciniak, Grzegorz Rosiński and Leszek Rychlik

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:46

    Content type: Research

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  14. Reproduction is an energetically expensive process that supposedly impairs somatic integrity in the long term, because resources are limited and have to be allocated between reproduction and somatic maintenanc...

    Authors: Charlotte Katharina Maria Schielke, Hynek Burda, Yoshiyuki Henning, Jan Okrouhlík and Sabine Begall

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:45

    Content type: Research

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  15. A central question in evolutionary parasitology is to what extent ecology impacts patterns of parasitism in wild host populations. In this study, we aim to disentangle factors influencing the risk of parasite ...

    Authors: May Hokan, Christina Strube, Ute Radespiel and Elke Zimmermann

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:44

    Content type: Research

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  16. Over the past couple of decades, measuring immunological parameters has become widespread in studies of ecology and evolution. A combination of different immunological indices is useful for quantifying differe...

    Authors: Arne Hegemann, Sara Pardal and Kevin D. Matson

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:43

    Content type: Methodology

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  17. Fluorochrome staining is among the most widely used techniques to study growth dynamics of echinoderms. However, it fails to detect fine-scale increments because produced marks are commonly diffusely distribut...

    Authors: Przemysław Gorzelak, Aurélie Dery, Philippe Dubois and Jarosław Stolarski

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:42

    Content type: Research

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    The Correction to this article has been published in Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:12

  18. Diversity of hair in marine mammals was suggested as an evolutionary innovation to adapt aquatic environment, yet its genetic basis remained poorly explored. We scanned α-keratin genes, one major structural co...

    Authors: Xiaohui Sun, Zepeng Zhang, Yingying Sun, Jing Li, Shixia Xu and Guang Yang

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:41

    Content type: Research

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  20. Aedes albopictus (Diptera; Culicidae) is a highly invasive mosquito species and a competent vector of several arboviral diseases that have spread rapidly throughout the world. Prevalen...

    Authors: Giacomo Tavecchia, Miguel-Angel Miranda, David Borrás, Mikel Bengoa, Carlos Barceló, Claudia Paredes-Esquivel and Carl Schwarz

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:39

    Content type: Research

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  23. Trophic interactions are a fundamental aspect of ecosystem functioning, but often difficult to observe directly. Several indirect techniques, such as fatty acid analysis, were developed to assess these interac...

    Authors: Félix B. Rosumek, Adrian Brückner, Nico Blüthgen, Florian Menzel and Michael Heethoff

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:36

    Content type: Research

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  24. Animal colours and patterns commonly play a role in reducing detection by predators, social signalling or increasing survival in response to some other environmental pressure. Different colour morphs can evolv...

    Authors: Aidan O’Hanlon, Kristina Feeney, Peter Dockery and Michael J. Gormally

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:35

    Content type: Research

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  25. Acclimation to abiotic challenges, including decreases in O2 availability, requires physiological and anatomical phenotyping to accommodate the organism to the environmental conditions. The retention of a nucleus...

    Authors: Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha, Azucena Bermejo-Nogales, Josep Alvar Calduch-Giner and Jaume Pérez-Sánchez

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:34

    Content type: Research

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  26. Foraging efficiency determines whether animals will be able to raise healthy broods, maintain their own condition, avoid predators and ultimately increase their fitness. Using accelerometers and GPS loggers, f...

    Authors: Juan F. Masello, Akiko Kato, Julia Sommerfeld, Thomas Mattern and Petra Quillfeldt

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:33

    Content type: Research

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  27. Numerous historical descriptions of the Lesser Egyptian jerboa, Jaculus jaculus, a small bipedal mammal with elongate hindlimbs, make special note of their extraordinary leaping ability. We observed jerboa locomo...

    Authors: Talia Y. Moore, Alberto M. Rivera and Andrew A. Biewener

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:32

    Content type: Research

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  28. The origin of jawed vertebrates was marked by profound reconfigurations of the skeleton and muscles of the head and by the acquisition of two sets of paired appendages. Extant cartilaginous fish retained numer...

    Authors: Janine M. Ziermann, Renata Freitas and Rui Diogo

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:31

    Content type: Research

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  29. A substantial period of life after reproduction ends, known as postreproductive lifespan (PRLS), is at odds with classical life history theory and its causes and mechanisms have puzzled evolutionary biologists...

    Authors: Theoni Photopoulou, Ines M. Ferreira, Peter B. Best, Toshio Kasuya and Helene Marsh

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:30

    Content type: Research

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  30. Fat deposits enable a female mammal to bear the energy costs of offspring production and thus greatly influence her reproductive success. However, increasing locomotor costs and reduced agility counterbalance ...

    Authors: Sandra A. Heldstab, Carel P. van Schaik and Karin Isler

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:29

    Content type: Research

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    The Correction to this article has been published in Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:3

  31. Variation in growth and immune function within and among populations is often associated with specific environmental conditions. We compared growth and immune function in nestlings of year-round breeding equat...

    Authors: Henry K. Ndithia, Samuel N. Bakari, Kevin D. Matson, Muchane Muchai and B. Irene Tieleman

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:28

    Content type: Research

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  33. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with a potential for self-renewal, which are essential to support normal development and homeostasis. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying adult stem c...

    Authors: Matthias Teuscher, Nadi Ströhlein, Markus Birkenbach, Dorothea Schultheis and Michael Schoppmeier

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:26

    Content type: Research

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  34. The understanding of concerted movements and its underlying biomechanics is often complex and elusive. Functional principles and hypothetical functions of these complex movements can provide a solid basis for ...

    Authors: Sebastian Büsse, Thomas Hörnschemeyer and Stanislav N. Gorb

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:25

    Content type: Research

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  35. Reproductive division of labor is one of the key features of social insects. Queens are adapted for reproduction while workers are adapted for foraging and colony maintenance. In many species, however, workers...

    Authors: Ching-Chen Lee, Hirotaka Nakao, Shu-Ping Tseng, Hung-Wei Hsu, Gwo-Li Lin, Jia-Wei Tay, Johan Billen, Fuminori Ito, Chow-Yang Lee, Chung-Chi Lin and Chin-Cheng (Scotty) Yang

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:24

    Content type: Research

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  36. Numerous species, especially among rodents, are strongly affected by the availability of pulsed resources. The intermittent production of large seed crops in northern hemisphere tree species (e.g., beech Fagus sp...

    Authors: Jessica S. Cornils, Franz Hoelzl, Birgit Rotter, Claudia Bieber and Thomas Ruf

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:23

    Content type: Research

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  38. Ocean acidification and warming are happening fast in the Arctic but little is known about the effects of ocean acidification and warming on the physiological performance and survival of Arctic fish.

    Authors: Elettra Leo, Kristina L. Kunz, Matthias Schmidt, Daniela Storch, Hans-O. Pörtner and Felix C. Mark

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:21

    Content type: Research

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  39. The Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi) and the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) are closely related species and are partially sympatric in southern China. Over the past 20 years, R. tanezumi has significantly expande...

    Authors: Hong-Ling Guo, Hua-Jing Teng, Jin-Hua Zhang, Jian-Xu Zhang and Yao-Hua Zhang

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:20

    Content type: Research

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  40. Animals show consistent individual behavioural differences in many species. Further, behavioural traits (personality traits) form behavioural syndromes, characterised by correlations between different behaviou...

    Authors: Andrea C. Schuster, Uwe Zimmermann, Carina Hauer and Katharina Foerster

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:19

    Content type: Research

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  41. Glass sponges (Class Hexactinellida) are important components of deep-sea ecosystems and are of interest from geological and materials science perspectives. The reconstruction of their phylogeny with molecular...

    Authors: Martin Dohrmann, Christopher Kelley, Michelle Kelly, Andrzej Pisera, John N. A. Hooper and Henry M. Reiswig

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:18

    Content type: Research

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  42. Predicting the consequences of continuing anthropogenic changes in the environment for migratory behaviours such as phenology remains a major challenge. Predictions remain particularly difficult, because our k...

    Authors: Heiko Schmaljohann, Simeon Lisovski and Franz Bairlein

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:17

    Content type: Research

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  45. Most animal eyes feature an opaque pigmented eyecup to assure that light can enter from one direction only. We challenge this dogma by describing a previously unknown form of eyeshine resulting from light that...

    Authors: Roland Fritsch, Jeremy F. P. Ullmann, Pierre-Paul Bitton, Shaun P. Collin and Nico K. Michiels

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:14

    Content type: Research

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  48. The Yangzhou goose is a long-day breeding bird that has been increasingly produced in China. Artificial lighting programs are used for controlling its reproductive activities. This study investigated the regul...

    Authors: Huanxi Zhu, Zhe Chen, Xibin Shao, Jianning Yu, Chuankun Wei, Zichun Dai and Zhendan Shi

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:11

    Content type: Research

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  49. Predation risk is a primary motivator for prey to congregate in larger groups. A large group can be beneficial to detect predators, share predation risk among individuals and cause confusion for an attacking p...

    Authors: Johan Månsson, Marie-Caroline Prima, Kerry L. Nicholson, Camilla Wikenros and Håkan Sand

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:10

    Content type: Research

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  50. Sexual selection has been hypothesised as favouring mate choice resulting in production of viable offspring with genotypes providing high pathogen resistance. Specific pathogen recognition is mediated by genes...

    Authors: Dana Rymešová, Tereza Králová, Marta Promerová, Josef Bryja, Oldřich Tomášek, Jana Svobodová, Petr Šmilauer, Miroslav Šálek and Tomáš Albrecht

    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:9

    Content type: Research

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  • ISSN: 1742-9994 (electronic)

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Frontiers in Zoology

ISSN: 1742-9994