Correlation of skull morphology and bite force in a bird-eating bat (Ia io; Vespertilionidae)

Table 2 The relationship between skull (cranium, mandible) morphology and the bite force with or without phylogenetic effects. Bold fonts indicates significant differences (P < 0.05)

Location	SS	MS	Rsq	F	Z	P
Dorsal cranium
Phylogeny	0.045	0.045	0.301	5.163	2.774	0.018^a
Non-phylogeny	0.084	0.084	0.114	1.548	1.05	0.504^a
Lateral cranium
Phylogeny	0.029	0.029	0.215	3.293	1.872	0.111^a
Non-phylogeny	0.043	0.043	0.075	0.976	0.23	1^a
Ventral cranium
Phylogeny	0.069	0.069	0.352	6.524	2.672	0.009^a
Non-phylogeny	0.172	0.172	0.203	3.053	2.03	0.042^a
Mandible
Phylogeny	0.044	0.044	0.416	8.522	3.577	0.001
Non-phylogeny	0.105	0.105	0.201	3.012	2.61	0.002

ISSN: 1742-9994