Fig. 3

The protonymphon larva of Pycnogonida. a Ventral view of egg-carrying male of Tanystylum sp., SEM (modified from [73], therein published as “Tanystylum bealensis”, reproduced with permission of John Wiley and Sons). Arrowheads mark newly hatched protonymphon larvae. b Anterolateral view of protonymphon larva of Achelia assimilis, SEM (modified from [63], reproduced with permission of Cambridge University Press). Arrowheads mark gland processes of the palpal and ovigeral larval limbs. c, d Internal anatomy of the protonymphon larva of Nymphon brevirostre (modified from [61], reproduced with permission of Springer). Arrowheads mark gland processes of palpal and ovigeral larval limbs. The arrow highlights thread-like secretion of the cheliphoral attachment gland. c Ventral view. d Dorsal view