Figure 1

Mineralized endo- and exoskeleton of brachiopods. A) Interior of dorsal valves with “long loop” of Calloria inconspicua (Sowerby, 1846) (left) and “short loop” of Liothyrella neozelanica Thomson, 1918 (right) (R. Seidel). B) Stylised section showing the distribution of spicules in the epithelium and connective tissue of the lophophore of Terebratulina retusa (Linnaeus, 1758) according to Williams [4]. C/D) SEM of a spicule from the mantle of T. retusa with (D) the inner layer structure exposed in an area of recent biomineralisation [3]. E) The lophophoral endoskeleton and spicules in the mantle covering the pallial sinus of T. retusa by Eudes-Deslongchamps [7]. F/G) Spicules in the lophophore F) without and G) with cirri sockles at the bases of the tentacles [8]. H) Spicules of the dorsal body wall of L. neozelanica[12].