Figure 1

Photos of the experimental set up with the landmark in training position. A. Picture taken 5 m from the nest. B. Ant's-eye picture (300°, resolution of 4° [49]) taken 5 m from the nest (bottom) or at the nest position (top). The dashed lines delimit 180°. The landmark was located 90 cm behind the nest while the closest tree (on the left of the picture A) was located 14 m away from the nest. The panorama was thus providing very little dynamic change compared to the landmark for ants approaching their nest.