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  1. While thousands of ant species are arboreal, very few are able to chew and tunnel through living wood. Ants of the genus Melissotarsus (subfamily Myrmicinae) inhabit tunnel systems excavated under the bark of liv...

    Authors: Adam Khalife, Roberto A. Keller, Johan Billen, Francisco Hita Garcia, Evan P. Economo and Christian Peeters
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:30
  2. The neuromuscular junction is the chemical synapse where motor neurons communicate with skeletal muscle fibers. Whereas vertebrates and many invertebrates use acetylcholine as transmitter at the neuromuscular ...

    Authors: Hendrik Langeloh, Hannah Wasser, Nicole Richter, Gerd Bicker and Michael Stern
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:28
  3. The life history stages of brachyuran crustaceans include pelagic larvae of the Zoea type which grow by a series of moults from one instar to the next. Zoeae actively feed and possess a wide range of organ sys...

    Authors: Franziska Spitzner, Rebecca Meth, Christina Krüger, Emanuel Nischik, Stefan Eiler, Andy Sombke, Gabriela Torres and Steffen Harzsch
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:27
  4. Enteropneusts are benthic marine invertebrates that belong to the deuterostome phylum Hemichordata. The two main clades of enteropneusts are defined by differences in early life history strategies. In the Spen...

    Authors: Paul Gonzalez, Jeffrey Z. Jiang and Christopher J. Lowe
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:26
  5. Prenatal antibody transfer is an immune-mediated maternal effect by which females can shape postnatal offspring resistance to pathogens and parasites. Maternal antibodies passed on to offspring provide primary...

    Authors: Rafał Martyka, Ewa B. Śliwińska, Mirosław Martyka, Mariusz Cichoń and Piotr Tryjanowski
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:25
  6. Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) have been documented to play crucial roles as species- and sex-specific cues in the chemical communication systems of a wide variety of insects. However, whether they are sufficien...

    Authors: Jan Buellesbach, Sebastian G. Vetter and Thomas Schmitt
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:22
  7. Rhinorhipidae Lawrence, 1988 is an enigmatic beetle family represented by a single species, Rhinorhipus tamborinensis Lawrence, 1988, from Australia, with poorly established affinities near the superfamily Elater...

    Authors: Dominik Kusy, Michal Motyka, Carmelo Andujar, Matej Bocek, Michal Masek, Katerina Sklenarova, Filip Kokas, Milada Bocakova, Alfried P. Vogler and Ladislav Bocak
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:21
  8. The European spurge hawkmoth, Hyles euphorbiae (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae), has been intensively studied as a model organism for insect chemical ecology, cold hardiness and evolution of species delineation. To unde...

    Authors: M. Benjamin Barth, Katja Buchwalder, Akito Y. Kawahara, Xin Zhou, Shanlin Liu, Nicolas Krezdorn, Björn Rotter, Ralf Horres and Anna K. Hundsdoerfer
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:20
  9. We summarise our work on male mating behaviour in the tropical butterfly Bicyclus anynana, responding to the commentary provided by Nieberding and Holveck. We acknowledge that our laboratory studies are not free ...

    Authors: Klaus Fischer, Isabell Karl, Ian A. N. Dublon and Tobias Kehl
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:19

    The original article was published in Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:18

  10. Over the last years, several studies suggested that male courtship activity is more important than female preference for male secondary sexual traits in determining male mating success in the butterfly Bicyclu...

    Authors: Caroline Marie Nieberding and Marie-Jeanne Holveck
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:18

    The Commentary to this article has been published in Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:19

  11. Despite widespread interest in solar-powered sea slugs (Sacoglossa: Gastropoda), relatively little is know about how they actually perform functional kleptoplasty. Sister-taxa Elysia timida and E. cornigera provi...

    Authors: Elise Marie Jerschabek Laetz and Heike Wägele
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:17
  12. Exploratory behaviour is one of the best-investigated behavioural traits. However, little is known about how differences in familiarity, i.e. in the knowledge and previous experience with a companion can influ...

    Authors: Beniamino Tuliozi, Gerardo Fracasso, Herbert Hoi and Matteo Griggio
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:16
  13. The MHC class I and II loci mediate the adaptive immune response and belong to the most polymorphic loci in vertebrate genomes. In fact, the number of different alleles in a given species is often so large tha...

    Authors: Miriam Linnenbrink, Meike Teschke, Inka Montero, Marie Vallier and Diethard Tautz
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:15
  14. In horses, the morphological changes induced by the process of domestication are reportedly less pronounced than in other species, such as dogs or pigs – although the horses’ disparity has rarely been empirica...

    Authors: Laura Heck, Laura A. B. Wilson, Allowen Evin, Madlen Stange and Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:14
  15. The social environment that mothers experience during pregnancy and lactation has a strong effect on the developing offspring. Whether offspring can be adaptively shaped to match an environment that is similar...

    Authors: Susanne Sangenstedt, Carsten Szardenings, Norbert Sachser and Sylvia Kaiser
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:13
  16. Upon publication of this article [1] it was noticed errors were introduced during the production process which resulted in the omission of decimal points from Tables 2 and 3. In addition Table 1 incorrectly us...

    Authors: Przemysław Gorzelak, Aurélie Dery, Philippe Dubois and Jarosław Stolarski
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:12

    The original article was published in Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:42

  17. Bivalves comprise a large, highly diverse taxon of invertebrate species. Developmental studies of neurogenesis among species of Bivalvia are limited. Due to a lack of neurogenesis information, it is difficult ...

    Authors: Olga V. Yurchenko, Olga I. Skiteva, Elena E. Voronezhskaya and Vyacheslav A. Dyachuk
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:10
  18. Foraging strategies of seabird species often vary considerably between and within individuals. This variability is influenced by a multitude of factors including age, sex, stage of annual life cycle, reproduct...

    Authors: Dariusz Jakubas, Lech M. Iliszko, Hallvard Strøm, Halfdan H. Helgason and Lech Stempniewicz
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:9
  19. Host-symbiont interactions are embedded in ecological communities and range from unspecific to highly specific relationships. Army ants and their arthropod guests represent a fascinating example of species-ric...

    Authors: Christoph von Beeren, Adrian Brückner, Munetoshi Maruyama, Griffin Burke, Jana Wieschollek and Daniel J. C. Kronauer
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:8
  20. Acoustic parameters of animal signals have been shown to correlate with various phenotypic characteristics of the sender. These acoustic characteristics can be learned and categorized and thus are a basis for ...

    Authors: Markus Boeckle, Georgine Szipl and Thomas Bugnyar
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:5
  21. In rats, urine-borne male pheromones comprise organic volatile compounds and major urinary proteins (MUPs). A number of volatile pheromones have been reported, but no MUP pheromones have been identified in rat...

    Authors: Xiao Guo, Huifen Guo, Lei Zhao, Yao-Hua Zhang and Jian-Xu Zhang
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:6
  22. Communal nursing in house mice is an example of cooperation where females pool litters in the same nest and indiscriminately nurse own and other offspring despite potential exploitation. The direct fitness ben...

    Authors: Nicola Harrison, Anna K. Lindholm, Akos Dobay, Olivia Halloran, Andri Manser and Barbara König
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:4
  23. Unfortunately, upon publication of this article [1] it was noticed there was an error within the Discussion section. During proofing a request to edit the following paragraph was missed:

    Authors: Sandra A. Heldstab, Carel P. van Schaik and Karin Isler
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:3

    The original article was published in Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:29

  24. Upon publication of this article it [1] was noticed the figure placement was incorrect and figure citations were also numbered incorrectly.

    Authors: Caroline Schuppli, Sofia I. F. Forss, Ellen J. M. Meulman, Nicole Zweifel, Kevin C. Lee, Evasari Rukmana, Erin R. Vogel, Maria A. van Noordwijk and Carel P. van Schaik
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:2

    The original article was published in Frontiers in Zoology 2016 13:43

  25. Brittle stars (Ophiuroidea, Echinodermata) have been increasingly used in studies of animal behavior, locomotion, regeneration, physiology, and bioluminescence. The success of these studies directly depends on...

    Authors: Olga Zueva, Maleana Khoury, Thomas Heinzeller, Daria Mashanova and Vladimir Mashanov
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:1
  26. The need for the adaptation of species of annelids as “Evo-Devo” model organisms of the superphylum Lophotrochozoa to refine the understanding of the phylogenetic relationships between bilaterian organisms, ha...

    Authors: Brenda Irene Medina Jiménez, Hee-Jin Kwak, Jong-Seok Park, Jung-Woong Kim and Sung-Jin Cho
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:60
  27. Scavenger guilds are composed of a variety of species, co-existing in the same habitat and sharing the same niche in the food web. Niche partitioning among them can manifest in different feeding strategies, e....

    Authors: Meike Anna Seefeldt, Gabriela Laura Campana, Dolores Deregibus, María Liliana Quartino, Doris Abele, Ralph Tollrian and Christoph Held
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:59
  28. Beak morphology exhibits considerable adaptive plasticity in birds, which results in highly varied or specialized forms in response to variations in ecology and life history. As the only parid species endemic ...

    Authors: Yalin Cheng, Bin Gao, Haitao Wang, Naijian Han, Shimiao Shao, Shaoyuan Wu, Gang Song, Yong E. Zhang, Xiaojia Zhu, Xin Lu, Yanhua Qu and Fumin Lei
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:58
  29. Acoustic properties of vocalizations can vary with the internal state of the caller, and may serve as reliable indicators for a caller’s emotional state, for example to prevent conflicts. Thus, individuals may...

    Authors: Georgine Szipl, Eva Ringler, Michela Spreafico and Thomas Bugnyar
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:57
  30. Social learning allows animals to eavesdrop on ecologically relevant knowledge of competitors in their environment. This is especially important when selecting a habitat if individuals have relatively little p...

    Authors: Jelmer M. Samplonius, Iris M. Kromhout Van Der Meer and Christiaan Both
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:56
  31. Climate is often considered as a key ecological factor limiting the capability of expansion of most species and the extent of suitable habitats. In this contribution, we implement Species Distribution Models (...

    Authors: Mattia Iannella, Francesco Cerasoli and Maurizio Biondi
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:55
  32. Many legged animals change gaits when increasing speed. In insects, only one gait change has been documented so far, from slow walking to fast running, which is characterised by an alternating tripod. Studies ...

    Authors: Tom Weihmann, Pierre-Guillaume Brun and Emily Pycroft
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:54
  33. Human populations and breeds of domestic animals are composed of individuals with a multiplicity of eye (= iris) colorations. Some wild birds and mammals may have intraspecific eye color variability, but this ...

    Authors: Juan J. Negro, M. Carmen Blázquez and Ismael Galván
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:53
  34. Bone structure has a crucial role in the functional adaptations that allow vertebrates to conduct their diverse lifestyles. Much has been documented regarding the diaphyseal structure of long bones of tetrapod...

    Authors: Eli Amson, Patrick Arnold, Anneke H. van Heteren, Aurore Canoville and John A. Nyakatura
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:52
  35. Insemination in scorpions is carried out by means of a partly sclerotized structure, the spermatophore, which is composed of two separate halves, the hemispermatophores. In most genera these reproductive struc...

    Authors: Lionel Monod, Lucie Cauwet, Edmundo González-Santillán and Siegfried Huber
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:51
  36. Vocal sequences - utterances consisting of calls produced in close succession - are common phenomena in animal communication. While many studies have explored the adaptive benefits of producing such sequences,...

    Authors: Pawel Fedurek, Klaus Zuberbühler and Stuart Semple
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:50
  37. Exposure to future ocean acidification scenarios may alter the behaviour of marine teleosts through interference with neuroreceptor functioning. So far, most studies investigated effects of ocean acidification...

    Authors: Matthias Schmidt, Heidrun Sigrid Windisch, Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski, Sean Lando Levin Seegert, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Daniela Storch and Christian Bock
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:49
  38. Unlike Drosophila but similar to other arthropod and vertebrate embryos, the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum develops everted limb buds during embryogenesis. However, the molecular processes directing the evagin...

    Authors: Susanne Thümecke, Anke Beermann, Martin Klingler and Reinhard Schröder
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:48
  39. The maintenance of species and the promotion of speciation are closely related to chromosomal rearrangements throughout evolution. Decapoda represents the most species-rich order among crustaceans and, despite...

    Authors: Zeltia Torrecilla, Andrés Martínez-Lage, Alejandra Perina, Enrique González-Ortegón and Ana M. González-Tizón
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:47
  40. Animal toxins can have medical and therapeutic applications. Principally, toxins produced by insects, arachnids, snakes and frogs have been characterized. Venomous mammals are rare, and their venoms have not b...

    Authors: Krzysztof Kowalski, Paweł Marciniak, Grzegorz Rosiński and Leszek Rychlik
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:46
  41. Reproduction is an energetically expensive process that supposedly impairs somatic integrity in the long term, because resources are limited and have to be allocated between reproduction and somatic maintenanc...

    Authors: Charlotte Katharina Maria Schielke, Hynek Burda, Yoshiyuki Henning, Jan Okrouhlík and Sabine Begall
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:45
  42. A central question in evolutionary parasitology is to what extent ecology impacts patterns of parasitism in wild host populations. In this study, we aim to disentangle factors influencing the risk of parasite ...

    Authors: May Hokan, Christina Strube, Ute Radespiel and Elke Zimmermann
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:44
  43. Over the past couple of decades, measuring immunological parameters has become widespread in studies of ecology and evolution. A combination of different immunological indices is useful for quantifying differe...

    Authors: Arne Hegemann, Sara Pardal and Kevin D. Matson
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:43
  44. Fluorochrome staining is among the most widely used techniques to study growth dynamics of echinoderms. However, it fails to detect fine-scale increments because produced marks are commonly diffusely distribut...

    Authors: Przemysław Gorzelak, Aurélie Dery, Philippe Dubois and Jarosław Stolarski
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:42

    The Correction to this article has been published in Frontiers in Zoology 2018 15:12

  45. Diversity of hair in marine mammals was suggested as an evolutionary innovation to adapt aquatic environment, yet its genetic basis remained poorly explored. We scanned α-keratin genes, one major structural co...

    Authors: Xiaohui Sun, Zepeng Zhang, Yingying Sun, Jing Li, Shixia Xu and Guang Yang
    Citation: Frontiers in Zoology 2017 14:41