Scorpionfish rapidly change colour in response to their background

Table 3 Achromatic and chromatic contrasts between backgrounds from scorpionfish visual perspective

Contrasts are expressed in Just Noticeable Differences (JNDs) for each background comparison, as perceived by scorpionfish. Contrasts below one JND are not distinguishable, and increasing values indicate an increasing probability of detection [36]. All backgrounds differ in luminance (achromatic contrast). The medium luminance background (medium/orange) has a comparable achromatic distance to both the high and the low luminance background. Difference in colour (chromatic contrast) between the two grey backgrounds is not distinguishable, whereas the medium/orange background shows contrasts above detection threshold to both grey backgrounds

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