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Fig. 8 | Frontiers in Zoology

Fig. 8

From: Neurogenesis of the scallop Azumapecten farreri: from the first larval sensory neurons to the definitive nervous system of juveniles

Fig. 8

FaGlu fluorescence of the catecholaminergic nervous system of A. farreri larvae. a Larvae in the middle veliger stage in 72 hpf have two catecholaminergic paired esophageal neurons (asterisks, esn) in a pharyngeal zone with two paired neurites along the esophagus (arrow). Inserts: a1 Magnified view of the two esophageal neurons (asterisks, esn) with neurites (arrow). b Middle veliger stage (4 dpf) has not only neurons of the esophagus (esophageal neurons, esn) and neurites but also innervation in the stomach of the larva like a net of neurites extending from esophageal neurons (arrows) and two appearing neurons in velum (velum.n). Inserts: b1 Esophageal neurons (asterisks, esn) have many cilia (arrowheads) near two paired neurons of the velum (asterisks, velum.n) connected with esophageal neurons by neurites (arrow). b2 The connection of the esophageal neurons with each other to neurites (arrows). c The 7 dpf-late veliger stage larva has esophageal neurons (esn, asterisk), velum.n with visible neurites along the velum (arrows), and more spread net of neurites with appeared catecholaminergic neuron (asterisks, stn) in the stomach zone. c1 Increased number of esophageal neurons from two to four cells (asterisks, esn) with cilia (arrowheads) and velum’s neurons (velum, n) connected to each other and to esophageal neurons by catecholamine-positive neurites (arrow). c2 Two neurons of the velum with extending catecholamine-positive nerve cord along the velum (arrow). c3 Catecholamine-positive neuron in the stomach of the larva (asterisks, stn). d Pediveliger stage on 30 dpf has esophageal neurons (esn) with connecting neurites similar to that in previous stages, stomach neuron (stn) with a net-like innervation in the stomach zone, velum’ s neurons (velum, n) with a neuronal cord along the velum with appearing additional neurons in velum (asterisk, velum, n). Inserts: d1 Six esophageal neurons of the pharyngeal zone (asterisks, esn), neurons of velum (asterisks, velum, n) and neurites (arrows). d2 Nerve cord of the velum (arrows) with two pairs of neurons (asterisks, velum, n). d3 Stomach innervation by two unpaired cells (asterisks, stn) with neurites (arrows). Additional abbreviations: v—velum. The orientation a—anterior, d—dorsal, p—posterior, v—ventral. Scale bars = 20 μm

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