Canalization and developmental stability of the yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) mandible and cranium related to age and nematode parasitism

Table 5 Comparisons of the patterns of covariance for the symmetric (individual variation, Ind) and asymmetric (fluctuating asymmetry, FA) components of shape variation for the mandible and cranium

	Shape component	R	P	Shape component	R	P
Mandible
P0 versus P1	Symmetric	0.899	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.863	< 0.0001
P0 versus P2	Symmetric	0.890	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.846	< 0.0001
P0 versus P3	Symmetric	0.831	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.761	< 0.0001
P1 versus P2	Symmetric	0.946	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.906	< 0.0001
P1 versus P3	Symmetric	0.911	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.872	< 0.0001
P2 versus P3	Symmetric	0.899	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.899	< 0.0001
Cranium
P0 versus P1	Symmetric	0.819	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.870	< 0.0001
P0 versus P2	Symmetric	0.841	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.837	< 0.0001
P0 versus P3	Symmetric	0.804	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.824	< 0.0001
P1 versus P2	Symmetric	0.890	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.897	< 0.0001
P1 versus P3	Symmetric	0.836	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.859	< 0.0001
P2 versus P3	Symmetric	0.844	< 0.0001	Asymmetric	0.852	< 0.0001

Categories regarding parasitism: P0—non-parasitized animals, P1—animals parasitized by one nematode species, P2—animals parasitized by two nematode species, P3—animals parasitized by three to five nematode species. R—matrix correlation. P values are from matrix permutation tests against the null hypothesis of complete dissimilarity between the respective covariance matrices

ISSN: 1742-9994