Table 2 Subjects participating in the study
| Species | Name | Sex | Age (years) | Zoo | Rearing history |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forest buffalos (Syncerus caffer nanus) | Suza | F | 11 | Barcelona | Parent |
| Joan | M | 6 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Xufa | F | 14 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Canela | F | 5 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Albert | M | 14 | Barcelona | Parent | |
|
European bison (Bison bonasus) | Estrella | F | 8 | Barcelona | Parent |
| Verde | F | 6 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Estaca | F | 30 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Espiga | F | 14 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Elipse | F | 13 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi) | Nuru | F | 8 | Barcelona | Parent |
| Yalinga | F | 13 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Nakuru | M | 1 | Barcelona | Parent | |
| Max | M | 21 | Leipzig | Nursery | |
| Ashanti | F | 16 | Leipzig | Mother | |
| Andrea | F | 9 | Leipzig | Parent |