|
Kinematic variable
|
Kinematic parameter
|
All Morphotypes
|
LLM vs. MMM
|
LLM vs. PMM
|
MMM vs. PMM
|
|---|
|
Kruskal-Wallis H
|
p-value
|
Mann-Whitney U
|
p-value
|
Mann-Whitney U
|
p-value
|
Mann-Whitney U
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Gape
|
Opening
|
78.08
|
0.00*
|
−21.42
|
0.32
|
−80.09
|
0.00*
|
−58.67
|
0.00*
|
|
Closure
|
79.09
|
0.00*
|
−17.58
|
0.55
|
−78.61
|
0.00*
|
−61.03
|
0.00*
|
|
Opening duration
|
44.82
|
0.00*
|
−57.24
|
0.00*
|
−73.85
|
0.00*
|
−16.61
|
0.23
|
|
Closure duration
|
30.18
|
0.00*
|
60.29
|
0.00*
|
59.85
|
0.00*
|
−0.43
|
1.00
|
|
Closure acceleration
|
17.15
|
0.00*
|
51.24
|
0.00*
|
22.12
|
0.12
|
−29.12
|
0.00*
|
|
Open-close duration
|
48.69
|
0.00*
|
−61.43
|
0.00*
|
−77.14
|
0.00*
|
−15.72
|
0.28
|
|
Cycle duration
|
3.56
|
1.00
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
|
Vertical hyobranchial movement
|
Elevation
|
32.10
|
0.00*
|
−10.04
|
1.00
|
−49.48
|
0.00*
|
−39.45
|
0.00*
|
|
Depression
|
64.27
|
0.00*
|
−18.06
|
0.52
|
−71.98
|
0.00*
|
−53.92
|
0.00*
|
|
Elevation duration
|
18.37
|
0.00*
|
−49.55
|
0.00*
|
−45.79
|
0.00*
|
3.76
|
1.00
|
|
Depression duration
|
33.78
|
0.00*
|
70.21
|
0.00*
|
23.89
|
0.09
|
−46.32
|
0.00*
|
|
Cycle duration
|
5.22
|
0.88
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
- Statistical analysis was calculated using Kruskal-Wallis 1-way ANOVA and only performed on parameters present in all morphotypes. P-values were Bonferroni adjusted to account for multiple testing; significant p-values are indicated by asterisks
