Fig. 1

Differential gene expression analysis of three populations. a Heatmap depicting 8190 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Upregulated and downregulated genes are indicated in red and green, respectively; their expression patterns clustered, and their transcription levels are depicted as logFC values. b Numbers of upregulated and downregulated genes based on pairwise comparison. c Venn diagram showing the number of DEGs between each two comparisons and the number of shared DEGs