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Table 4 Results of generalized least squares models on phenotypic traits used for mate assessment and mate defence

From: Small-scale phenotypic differentiation along complex stream gradients in a non-native amphipod

 

(a) 1st Antennae

(b) 2nd Antennae

(c) Gnathopod length

df

χ2

p

df

χ2

p

df

χ2

p

Body length

1

4388.92

< 0.001

1

4912.87

< 0.001

1

0.66

0.42

Sex

1

152.65

< 0.001

1

1381.67

< 0.001

–

–

–

Environmental PC 1

1

63.08

< 0.001

1

48.98

< 0.001

1

0.01

0.91

Sex × env. PC 1

1

0.08

0.78

1

6.64

0.010

–

–

–

Environmental PC 2

1

0.35

0.55

1

2.89

0.089

1

0.71

0.40

Sex × env. PC 2

1

5.66

0.017

1

0.05

0.83

–

–

–

Environmental PC 3

1

34.23

< 0.001

1

11.39

0.001

1

0.33

0.57

Sex × env. PC 3

1

0.10

0.76

1

< 0.001

0.96

–

–

–

Environmental PC 4

1

39.96

< 0.001

1

13.62

< 0.001

1

< 0.001

0.98

Sex × env. PC 4

1

0.55

0.46

1

0.54

0.46

–

–

–

  1. We assessed the following dependent variables: (a) length of the 1st and (b) 2nd antennae (which males use for mate detection and assessment) in both sexes. (c) Gnathopod size (used by males during precopulatory mate guarding, called amplexus) was assessed only in males. Environmental PCs (Table 2), body length and sex (where applicable) served as predictor variables. Significant effects are shown in bold
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Frontiers in Zoology

ISSN: 1742-9994