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Table 3 Character values of the nine selected traits across the ten resources

From: Nutritional quality modulates trait variability

 

blood

bone

chlorella

fungi

hemp

lupine

pollen

spirulina

wheat

yeast

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

mean ± SD (CV)

chemistry

amount [ng/μg]

2 ± 2 (109)

2 ± 1 (46)

4 ± 2 (64)

6 ± 3 (52)

2 ± 1 (45)

4 ± 2 (54)

2 ± 1 (54)

8 ± 10 (133)

3 ± 2 (57)

4 ± 3 (65)

regeneration [%]

0 ± 0 (0)

75 ± 15 (21)

46 ± 37 (79)

58 ± 25 (42)

90 ± 13 (15)

77 ± 17 (23)

74 ± 28 (38)

91 ± 10 (11)

86 ± 15 (17)

85 ± 15 (17)

compositon

  HMBD [%]

4 ± 3 (67)

3 ± 1 (45)

7 ± 12 (166)

12 ± 30 (251)

4 ± 2 (46)

5 ± 8 (170)

6 ± 2 (26)

5 ± 5 (96)

6 ± 2 (36)

6 ± 1 (20)

  NER [%]

13 ± 8 (63)

8 ± 7 (87)

19 ± 9 (48)

20 ± 21 (104)

11 ± 3 (29)

12 ± 16 (128)

11 ± 4 (36)

11 ± 8 (70)

16 ± 9 (56)

17 ± 4 (25)

  NYF [%]

36 ± 9 (25)

39 ± 11 (27)

29 ± 5 (18)

34 ± 6 (17)

43 ± 5 (12)

41 ± 10 (25)

35 ± 5 (14)

37 ± 10 (26)

35 ± 12 (35)

30 ± 5 (16)

  C13 [%]

5 ± 2 (29)

12 ± 4 (32)

9 ± 5 (54)

9 ± 8 (85)

8 ± 5 (56)

10 ± 5 (50)

15 ± 5 (34)

10 ± 6 (62)

7 ± 2 (32)

7 ± 2 (23)

  ACA [%]

16 ± 4 (27)

14 ± 5 (36)

21 ± 5 (26)

21 ± 6 (29)

16 ± 5 (31)

15 ± 6 (40)

13 ± 5 (35)

18 ± 6 (33)

18 ± 6 (31)

23 ± 4 (17)

  C15 [%]

12 ± 3 (29)

13 ± 3 (27)

12 ± 4 (37)

12 ± 5 (41)

9 ± 9 (104)

12 ± 4 (33)

9 ± 3 (30)

12 ± 5 (43)

11 ± 2 (21)

10 ± 2 (25)

  C17 [%]

14 ± 5 (35)

12 ± 3 (22)

8 ± 5 (69)

5 ± 6 (127)

9 ± 2 (23)

9 ± 4 (38)

11 ± 3 (27)

7 ± 4 (66)

8 ± 2 (24)

6 ± 1 (23)

life-history

dev. time [days]

37 ± − (−)

68 ± 11 (15)

56 ± 8 (15)

71 ± 7 (9)

49 ± 7 (15)

63 ± 5 (8)

58 ± 8 (14)

75 ± 6 (9)

59 ± 7 (11)

48 ± 3 (7)

survival [%]

8 ± 28 (30)

37 ± 31 (49)

8 ± 13 (14)

15 ± 16 (18)

50 ± 29 (58)

67 ± 29 (89)

51 ± 26 (54)

11 ± 16 (18)

78 ± 18 (79)

49 ± 18 (36)

offspring [N]

0.1 ± 0.3 (332)

8 ± 10 (127)

2 ± 3 (190)

2 ± 2 (102)

14 ± 14 (101)

19 ± 12 (62)

11 ± 9 (81)

3 ± 5 (154)

45 ± 26 (59)

22 ± 10 (45)

output [mg]

0.001 ± 0.002 (332)

0.7 ± 0.8 (119)

0.3 ± 0.3 (125)

0.2 ± 0.1 (77)

1.1 ± 0.9 (85)

1.5 ± 0.5 (38)

0.7 ± 0.6 (83)

0.3 ± 0.5 (171)

2.2 ± 1.1 (46)

1.3 ± 0.6 (44)

morphology

body mass [μg]

8 ± 4 (46)

17 ± 6 (33)

27 ± 9 (34)

15 ± 4 (30)

19 ± 4 (23)

17 ± 3 (21)

14 ± 6 (42)

19 ± 5 (25)

14 ± 3 (24)

25 ± 8 (35)

morphometry

  Nw I [% NL]

92 ± 16 (17)

88 ± 6 (7)

92 ± 10 (11)

102 ± 15 (15)

87 ± 15 (17)

83 ± 19 (23)

87 ± 9 (10)

93 ± 16 (17)

91 ± 10 (11)

92 ± 14 (15)

  Nw II [% NL]

63 ± 10 (16)

58 ± 5 (9)

62 ± 8 (13)

61 ± 8 (14)

59 ± 6 (11)

56 ± 13 (23)

58 ± 5 (9)

53 ± 8 (15)

60 ± 6 (11)

60 ± 10 (17)

  PL [% NL]

32 ± 11 (36)

25 ± 8 (32)

27 ± 8 (32)

35 ± 11 (32)

25 ± 8 (31)

23 ± 10 (44)

26 ± 9 (33)

30 ± 12 (41)

28 ± 9 (31)

27 ± 10 (37)

  Bd [% NL]

35 ± 8 (24)

33 ± 5 (15)

31 ± 5 (15)

31 ± 7 (21)

32 ± 8 (25)

30 ± 8 (28)

33 ± 5 (15)

31 ± 8 (26)

33 ± 7 (23)

28 ± 6 (21)

  GL [% NL]

27 ± 4 (15)

26 ± 3 (10)

26 ± 3 (12)

28 ± 5 (17)

25 ± 5 (18)

24 ± 6 (25)

26 ± 3 (11)

27 ± 4 (16)

27 ± 4 (14)

27 ± 4 (16)

  Gw I [% NL]

20 ± 4 (21)

20 ± 3 (16)

17 ± 3 (16)

22 ± 6 (28)

16 ± 3 (17)

18 ± 5 (27)

20 ± 3 (16)

21 ± 5 (24)

20 ± 4 (19)

19 ± 4 (21)

  Gw II [% NL]

14 ± 3 (20)

13 ± 2 (17)

11 ± 2 (20)

13 ± 4 (31)

11 ± 2 (20)

11 ± 3 (30)

11 ± 2 (21)

13 ± 3 (23)

12 ± 1 (13)

12 ± 3 (24)

  AL [% NL]

38 ± 7 (19)

36 ± 4 (12)

39 ± 7 (17)

44 ± 8 (18)

40 ± 8 (19)

37 ± 9 (24)

37 ± 6 (17)

40 ± 6 (16)

39 ± 6 (16)

42 ± 9 (21)

  Aw I [% NL]

9 ± 2 (23)

9 ± 2 (24)

8 ± 2 (21)

9 ± 2 (24)

10 ± 3 (28)

8 ± 2 (26)

8 ± 2 (23)

8 ± 2 (20)

8 ± 1 (14)

9 ± 2 (18)

  Aw II [% NL]

14 ± 3 (23)

14 ± 3 (21)

13 ± 3 (19)

15 ± 4 (26)

15 ± 3 (18)

12 ± 4 (28)

12 ± 2 (19)

14 ± 3 (23)

12 ± 2 (16)

15 ± 4 (24)

mean ln CVa

−0.23

−0.93

−0.78

−0.97

−1.03

−1.05

−0.92

−0.92

−1.13

−1.27

  1. Traits in italics denote the categories used for the trait variation analyses. Numbers represent means with standard derivations (SD) and raw coefficients of variation (CV). Abbreviations: HMBD = 2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde, NER = neral, NYF = neryl formate, C13 = tridecane, ACA = γ-acaridial (3-hydroxybenzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde), C15 = 7-pentadecene/pentadecane, C17 = 6,9-heptadecadiene/8-heptadecene/heptadecane; NL = notogaster length, Nw I = notogaster width I, Nw II = notogaster width II, PL = prodorsum length, Bd = bothridial setae distance, GL = genital plate length, Gw I = genital plate width I, Gw II = genital plate width II, AL = anal plate length, Aw I = anal plate width I, Aw II = anal plate width II. - = not applicable. a The mean ln CV per resource was calculated based on eq. (2) using the individual ln CVs of all traits from one resource