The effect of pre-laying maternal immunization on offspring growth and immunity differs across experimentally altered postnatal rearing conditions in a wild songbird

Table 3 Results of post hoc pair-wise comparisons of significant interactions from linear mixed models

Pair-wise comparisons	df	F	P
Square-transformed late nestling growth (g per day)
PBS-F/Control-B vs. PBS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 47.94	19.46	< 0.001
PBS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Control-B	1, 49.83	0.95	0.334
PBS-F/Enlarged-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 39.35	5.18	0.028
LPS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 59.76	3.17	0.080
Fledgling body mass (g)
PBS-F/Control-B vs. PBS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 48.14	26.54	< 0.001
PBS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Control-B	1, 46.43	1.22	0.275
PBS-F/Enlarged-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 36.06	4.72	0.037
LPS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 58.97	8.19	0.006
Fledgling tarsus length (mm)
PBS-F/Control-B vs. PBS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 51.29	6.91	0.011
PBS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Control-B	1, 75.86	8.76	0.004
PBS-F/Enlarged-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 67.36	0.06	0.809
LPS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 71.89	0.09	0.761
Log-transformed LPS-specific immune response (mOD min⁻¹)
PBS-F/Control-B vs. PBS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 31.52	1.06	0.310
PBS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Control-B	1, 74.48	4.06	0.047
PBS-F/Enlarged-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 79.69	0.17	0.680
LPS-F/Control-B vs. LPS-F/Enlarged-B	1, 23.13	3.73	0.066
Log-transformed total Ab level in nestlings on day 5 (mOD min⁻¹)
Female-N/Control-B vs. Female-N/Enlarged-B	1, 26.56	0.89	0.353
Female-N/Control-B vs. Male-N/Control-B	1, 235.37	0.11	0.736
Female-N/Enlarged-B vs. Male-N/Enlarged-B	1, 223.01	6.54	0.011
Male-N/Control-B vs. Male-N/Enlarged-B	1, 19.18	1.41	0.249

Table 3 presents results of post hoc pair-wise comparisons performed for all significant interactions produced by linear mixed models that analyzed square-transformed late nestling growth, fledgling body mass and tarsus length, log-transformed LPS-specific immune response and log-transformed total antibody level in 5-day-old nestlings to separate the simple main effects involved in those interactions (by comparing the level of one factor within levels of another factor). Explanations of abbreviations: PBS-F/Control-B – nestlings of control females reared in control (non-manipulated) broods, PBS-F/Enlarged-B – nestlings of control females reared in enlarged broods, LPS-F/Control-B – nestlings of LPS-immunized females reared in control broods, LPS-F/Enlarged-B – nestlings of LPS-immunized females reared in enlarged broods, Female-N/Control-B – female nestlings reared in control broods, Female-N/Enlarged-B – female nestlings reared in enlarged broods and Male-N/Control-B – male nestlings reared in control broods, Male-N/Enlarged-B – male nestlings reared in enlarged broods

ISSN: 1742-9994