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Fig. 5 | Frontiers in Zoology

Fig. 5

From: The development and metamorphosis of the indirect developing acorn worm Schizocardium californicum (Enteropneusta: Spengelidae)

Fig. 5

Morphology of the tornaria larva of Schizocardium californicum at 18 and 22 dpf. a-j Light DIC micrographs of live larvae. Optical sections through the middle of the embryo (a, c, f, h) or surface views (b, d-e, g, i-j). k-v Maximum intensity projections of confocal stacks. Larvae are labeled with four markers: phalloidin (green), anti-acetylated tubulin (red) and anti-serotonin (yellow) antibodies, and DAPI (blue) unless otherwise indicated. All panels are anterior to the top, and lateral views are ventral to the left. a-e Tornaria larva at 18 dpf. f-v Tornaria larva at 22 dpf. l Close-up lateral view of pharyngeal circular and longitudinal muscles. n Close-up lateral view of apical organ (box in panel m). v Close-up dorsal view of apical organ. a, anus; aa, autofluorescence caused by algal cells in digestive tract; af, anal field; am, anchoring muscles; ao, apical organ; as, apical strand; at, apical tuft; cm, circular pharyngeal muscles; dc, dorsal cluster of the apical organ; dn, dorsal nerve tract; dv, dorsal view; i, intestine; lg, lateral groove; lm, longitudinal pharyngeal muscles; ln, lateral nerve tract; lv, lateral view; m, mouth; mc, mesenchymal cell; n, neuropil; nt, neurotroch; of, oral field; p, protocoel; pdl, primary dorsal lobe; pds, primary dorsal saddle; ph, pharynx; pof, postoral field; post, postoral loop of the circumoral ciliary band; pp, protocoel pore (hydropore); pre, preoral loop of the circumoral ciliary band; prf, preoral field; s, stomach; t, telotroch; tn, telotroch nerve tract; vc, ventral cluster of the apical organ; vs, ventral saddle; vv, ventral view. Scale bars: 200 μm (a-k, m, o-u), 100 μm (l, n, v)

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