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Fig. 5 | Frontiers in Zoology

Fig. 5

From: Functional characterization of the Hyles euphorbiae hawkmoth transcriptome reveals strong expression of phorbol ester detoxification and seasonal cold hardiness genes

Fig. 5

Simplified schematic diagram of inferred H. euphorbiae carbohydrate metabolism. Glycolysis runs down from glycogen degradation towards GAP and is then entirely directed into glycerol via Akr. Additionally, sorbitol may be produced from G1P originated glucose, though down-regulated FPBase most likely supports the glycerol pathway. The PPP is regulated in a way that most metabolites cycle back as GAP towards glycerol while providing NADPH reducing power. It is not known whether trehalose is produced from glucose at this phase of diapause, even though a TRET1 transcript was up-regulated. We presume that indifferently expressed transcripts are potentially regulated at the protein level via post-translationally signaling cascades as described in the text (details in [28, 29, 80]). Alternatively, regulation may have taken place in an earlier diapause phase or was too weak or tissue specific to be detected with our sampling and sequencing scheme. Protein legend: A1e – aldose-1-epimerase; Akr – aldo-keto reductase; Dpa – deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase; Eno – enolase; FPBase – fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase; G1Pase – glucose-1-phosphatase; Gpd – glucose dehydrogenase; Gp – glycogen phosphatase; Gpi – glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Ippk – inositol polyphosphate phosphatase; Idh – isocitrate dehydrogenase; Itpk – inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase; Pfk – 6-phospho-fructokinase; Pgk – phosphoglycerate kinase; Pgm – phosphoglycerate mutase; Rpdk – ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase; Suc – succinyl-CoA ligase; Tpp – trehalose-6-phosphatase; Tps – trehalose-6-phosphate synthase; TRET1 – trehalose transporter 1. Metabolite legend: G1P – glucose-1-phosphate; G6P – glucose-6-phosphate; F6P – fructose-6-phosphate; F1,6bisP – fructose-1,6-bisphosphate; GAP – glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

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