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Table 2 The relationship between call duration and the investigated (fixed) variables in the introduction, build-up, climax, let-down, and entire pant hoot

From: Trade-offs in the production of animal vocal sequences: insights from the structure of wild chimpanzee pant hoots

Introduction
 Independent variable Estimate ± SE χ 2 p value 95% confidence interval
 Number of calls −0.45±0.04 19.56 <0.001 −0.52 to − 0.35
 Context 0.25±0.08 7.03 0.008 0.08 to 0.41
Build-up
 Independent variable Estimate ± SE χ 2 p value 95% confidence interval
 Number of calls −0.15±0.06 4.41 0.036 −0.32 to − 0.01
 Context −0.03±0.18 0.03 0.857 −0.47 to 0.37
Climax
 Independent variable Estimate ± SE χ 2 p value 95% confidence interval
 Number of calls −0.32±0.07 12.54 <0.001 −0.49 to − 0.14
 Context 0.35±0.11 5.99 0.014 0.09 to 0.57
Let-down
 Independent variable Estimate ± SE χ 2 p value 95% confidence interval
 Number of calls −0.14±0.06 10.94 <0.001 −0.37 to − 0.11
 Context 0.17±0.15 1.11 0.291 −0.14 to 0.55
Entire pant hoot
 Independent variable Estimate ± SE χ 2 p value 95% confidence interval
 Number of calls −0.25±0.03 23.16 <0.001 −0.31 to − 0.19
 Context 0.09±0.06 1.55 0.213 −0.06 to 0.20
  1. Test variables are in bold. (LMM; dependent variable: call duration; random intercepts: pant hoot ID and caller ID)
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Frontiers in Zoology

ISSN: 1742-9994