Skip to main content
Fig. 7 | Frontiers in Zoology

Fig. 7

From: Development of a lecithotrophic pilidium larva illustrates convergent evolution of trochophore-like morphology

Fig. 7

Larval muscles in pilidium nielseni of Micrura sp. “dark.” Confocal projections of specimens stained with phalloidin, apical plate (ap) up. a, c, and e are slightly oblique lateral views with the anterior lobe (and future juvenile anterior) to the left and the posterior lobe (future juvenile posterior) to the right. Ciliary bands are marked with arrowheads. a. A 92.95 μm stack showing “arcs” of muscles criss-crossing after they drop into the lappets from either side of the “prototroch” muscle (pm) band into the “telotroch” muscle (tm) band late in the “pileus” stage. b. A 26.0 μm slab showing a frontal (anterior) view of a late “pileus” stage, with the blastopore (bl) visible. c. A 48.1 μm slab of a specimen one day past the “pileus” stage showing the complete ring of circumferential muscles underlying the “telotroch,” formed in part by the “arcs” connected to the “prototroch.” d. A complete z-projection showing a frontal (anterior) view of a week-old specimen with a complete juvenile inside. Note the ring of muscles underlying the “telotroch” and the ring forming around the apical organ. Extensions of the apical organ muscles are descending towards the “prototroch.” e. A 106.6 μm stack (a frontal view) of a larva in the “torus” stage showing the increasing connections between the muscles of the apical ring, the “prototroch,” and the “telotroch.” f. Complete z-projection of a week-old larva with a fully-formed juvenile inside. A frontal (posterior) view showing the muscles around the larval pore (lp), just below the juvenile cirrus (jc). Scale bars 50 μm

Back to article page