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Fig. 1 | Frontiers in Zoology

Fig. 1

From: Evolution of body morphology and beak shape revealed by a morphometric analysis of 14 Paridae species

Fig. 1

Landmarks and semi-landmarks used for the geometric morphometric analysis. A line perpendicular to the suture was drawn across the rostral edge of the nares. Two landmarks were placed where this line intersects the outline of the upper mandible, whereas the third was placed at the tip of the beak. Nine semi-landmarks were placed equidistantly between LM1 and LM3, and the other nine between LM2 and LM3

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