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Table 4 Within and between methods mean distance repeatabilities and mean raw and absolute differences for the 3D digitizer (DIG) versus micro-CT resolutions (MED or HIGH) comparison. Each individual was measured twice by each of the three methods and mean ± s.d. distance repeatabilities were calculated for within (considering only replicates of the same individual measured with the same method) and between-methods (considering the same individual measured with different methods). Within and between methods calculations were also done for raw and absolute differences between linear distances (mean ± s.d.). The last line of the table shows the mean between-method percentage error in relation to distance means

From: Landmark precision and reliability and accuracy of linear distances estimated by using 3D computed micro-tomography and the open-source TINA Manual Landmarking Tool software

Mean distance repeatabilities

Within

DIG

MED

HIGH

 

0.94 ± 0.07

0.97 ± 0.02

0.98 ± 0.01

Between

MED + HIGH

DIG + MED

DIG + HIGH

 

0.95 ± 0.03

0.76 ± 0.10

0.76 ± 0.12

Mean differences (mm)

   

Within

DIG

MED

HIGH

Raw

0.01 ± 0.04

−0.002 ± 0.02

−0.003 ± 0.02

Absolute

0.09 ± 0.03

0.07 ± 0.02

0.06 ± 0.02

Between

MED-HIGH

DIG-MED

DIG-HIGH

Raw

−0.03 ± 0.14

−0.02 ± 0.28

0.01 ± 0.28

Absolute

0.11 ± 0.05

0.27 ± 0.1

0.26 ± 0.1

% of mean

2.5 ± 1.0

6.5 ± 2.3

6.4 ± 3.0