Semi-automatic landmark point annotation for geometric morphometrics

Table 3 The 40 mandible landmark set

Landmark no.	Description
1	Tip of incisor.
2	Dorsal-most point of incisive alveole.
3	Ventral-most point of diastema.
4	Anterior-most point of molar row.
5	Posterior-most point of molar row.
6	Lateral point of mandibular foramen.
7	Tip of coronoid process.
8	Anterior-most point of curve between coronoid
	and articular process.
9	Ventral-most point of curve between coronoid
	and articular process.
10	Anterior-most point of condyle.
11	Lateral-most point of condyle.
12	Posterior-most point of condyle.
13	Anterior-most point of curve between articular
	and angular process.
14	Tip of angular process.
15	Medial-most point of angular process.
16	Lateral point of masseteric crista at dorsal-most
	ventral point.
17	Lateral-most inner point of ventral border.
18	Anterior end of attachment area of transverse
	mandibular muscle.
19	Posterior-most point of incisive alveole.
20	Anterior end of masseteric crista.

These landmarks were identified on the 8- and 14-element data sets described in Table 2. Landmarks 1–20 consisted of these points on the left-hand side of the specimen; landmarks 21–40 consisted of the same points on the right-hand side of the specimen.

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