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Figure 2 | Frontiers in Zoology

Figure 2

From: Branchial NH4+-dependent acid–base transport mechanisms and energy metabolism of squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) affected by seawater acidification

Figure 2

Effects of seawater acidification on metabolic rates and ammonia excretion. Routine metabolic rates were determined after 20 h (A) and 168 h (B) exposure to acidified conditions. NH4+ excretion rates determined after 20 h and 168 h exposure to different pH conditions are presented in (C) and (D), respectively. O:N ratios calculated from oxygen consumption and NH4+ excretion are given for short-term (E) and medium-term (F) exposure to different pH conditions. Letters indicate significant differences between pH treatments (p < 0.05). Bars represent mean ± SE (n = 3; with the average of 2 animals from each replicate).

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