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Table 1 Comparative effect of queenless (QL), control queen (MG+), and extirpated queen (MG-) on worker behavior and physiology.

From: New insights into honey bee (Apis mellifera) pheromone communication. Is the queen mandibular pheromone alone in colony regulation?

 

MG+

MG-

QL

Worker ovary inhibition

+

+

-

Retinue behavior

+

+

Ø

Cells construction

+

+

-

Cells type

Queen cells inhibition

+

+

-

  1. (♀ worker cells construction, ♂ drone cells construction, Ø not available, + positive, - negative)