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Figure 4 | Frontiers in Zoology

Figure 4

From: Confocal analysis of nervous system architecture in direct-developing juveniles of Neanthes arenaceodentata (Annelida, Nereididae)

Figure 4

Overview of the cephalic nervous system in hatchlings, late 3-, and 5-chaetiger juveniles of N. arenaceodentata. Acetylated α-tubulin immunolabeling is red; cell nuclei are blue. Scale bars = 100 μm in A; 50 μm in B-I. A. Hatchling; ventrolateral view, anterior to the top. Dashed ovals approximate the locations of the developing palps. B-I are dorsal views of heads, anterior to the top. B-E. Contiguous Z-projections (dorsal-most to ventral-most) of a late 3-chaetiger juvenile. In B, positions of the PDBGs are inferred from panel A. In D and E, dashed lines indicate densely innervated regions of the lateral prostomium, where developing brain ganglia and sensory cells reside. F-I. Contiguous Z-projections (dorsal-most to ventral-most) of a 5-chaetiger juvenile. Dashed arcs in H and I indicate the numerous roots of cephalic nerves in the lateral neuropile; many are presumed to be tegumentary nerve roots. 1st nascent parapodium, adc anterodorsal cortex of brain, ag antennal ganglion, amc anteromedian cortex of brain, an antenna, ann antennal nerve, ant anterior cirrus, avc anteroventral cortex of brain, br brain, cc circumesophageal connective, dln dorsolateral longitudinal nerve, lcr lateral common root of numerous cephalic nerves, nc nuchal organ cilia, ng nuchal ganglion, nn nuchal nerve, np neuropile, pdc posterodorsal cortex of brain, pdbg posterodosal brain ganglion, ph pharynx, rcc root of a circumesophageal connective, sgn stomatogastric nerve (of the first pair), st stomodeum, sn1/2/4 segmental nerves 1/2/4, vnc ventral nerve cord.

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