Order | Family | Species | Method used | Specimen ID | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Holectypoida Duncan, 1889 | Echinoneidae Agassiz & Desor, 1847 | Echinoneus cyclostomus Leske, 1778 | MRI (86 μm)3, dissection | NHM 1969.5.1.105 | |
"Cassiduloida" Agassiz & Desor, 1847 | Cassidulidae Agassiz & Desor, 1847 | Cassidulus caribaearum Lamarck, 1801 | MRI (81 μm)3 | CAS 112632 | this study |
 | Echinolampadidae Gray, 1851 | Echinolampas depressa Gray, 1851 | MRI (81 μm)3 | USNM E32955 | [24], this study |
 | Apatopygidae Kier, 1962 | Apatopygus recens (Mortensen, 1948) | Dissection | - | [23] |
Clypeasteroida Agassiz, 1835 | Clypeasteridae Agassiz, 1835 | Clypeaster rosaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) | MRI (81 μm)3 | ZMB 2520 | this study |
 | Arachnoididae Duncan, 1889 | Arachnoides placenta (Linnaeus, 1758) | MRI (81 μm)3 | ZMB 1439 | this study |
 | Fibulariidae Duncan, 1889 | Echinocyamus pusillus (Müller, 1776) | MRI 20 × 18 × 18 μm3, histology | - | |
 | Laganidae Agassiz, 1873 | Peronella lesueuri Agassiz, 1841 | Dissection | MNHN EcEh79 | this study |
 |  | Peronella orbicularis Leske, 1778 | Dissection | - | [66] |
 | Echinarachniidae Lambert, 1914 | Echinarachnius parma (Lamarck, 1816) | MRI (44 μm)3, dissection | ZSM 20011676 | [34], Mooi (unpublished data), this study |
 | Mellitidae Stephanini, 1914 | Mellita quinquesperforata (Leske, 1778) | Dissection | - | this study |
 | Astriclypeidae Stephanini, 1911 | Echinodiscus bisperforatus Leske, 1778 | Histology | - | [66] |
Holasteroida Durham & Melville, 1957 | Urechinidae Duncan, 1889 | Antrechinus nordenskjöldi (Mortensen, 1905) | Dissection | ZMH E7350 | this study |
 |  | Urechinus naresianus Agassiz, 1879 | Dissection | NHM 1903.8.1.100-104 | [21], this study |
 | Pourtalesiidae Agassiz, 1881 | Echinosigra phiale Mortensen, 1905 | Dissection | - | [21] |
 |  | Pourtalesia hispida Agassiz, 1879 | Dissection | ZMH E7349 | this study |
 |  | Pourtalesia jeffreysi Wyville Thomson, 1873 | Dissection | - | [21] |
 |  | Pourtalesia wandeli Mortensen, 1905 | MRI (86 μm)3, dissection | NHM 1976.7.30.76-95 | [21], this study |
 | Plexechinidae Mooi & David, 1996 | Plexechinus aoetanus (McKnight, 1974) | Dissection | ZMH E7345 | this study |
Spatangoida Agassiz, 1840 | Hemiasteridae Clark, 1917 ("Hemiasterina") | Hemiaster expergitus (Loven, 1874) | Dissection | NHM 1914.1.30.66-9 | this study |
 | Schizasteridae Lambert, 1905 ("Paleopneustina") | Abatus cavernosus (Philippi, 1845) | MRI (81 μm)3 | ZMB 5854 | [24], this study |
 |  | Schizaster canaliferus (Lamarck, 1816) | Dissection, SEM, histology | - | |
 | Incerta sedis (Micrasterina) | Heterobrissus niasicus (Döderlein, 1901) | Dissection, histology | - | [18] |
 | Spatangidae Gray, 1825 (Micrasterina) | Spatangus purpureus Müller, 1776 | Dissection, histology | - | |
 | Brissidae Gray, 1855 (Micrasterina) | Brissus unicolor (Leske, 1778) | Dissection, histology | - | |
 |  | Meoma ventricosa (Lamarck, 1816) | Dissection | - | |
 | Brissopsidae Lambert, 1905 (Micrasterina) | Brissopsis lyrifera (Forbes, 1841) | Dissection | - | [15], this study |
 | Echinocardiidae Wythe Cooke, 1942 (Micrasterina) | Echinocardium cordatum (Pennant, 1777) | Dissection, histology, ultrastructure | - | [19], this study |
 |  | Echinocardium flavescens (Müller, 1776) | Dissection | - | [15] |
 |  | Echinocardium mediterraneum (Forbes, 1844) | Dissection, histology | - | [16] |