Table 4 The effect of the larval environment on the general tendency of Drosophila larvae to aggregate with conspecifics (|Δpl|). Mixed model analysis of variance for the tendency to aggregate with conspecific larvae in D. melanogaster in three types of larval environment (F-C, F-F or C-C). Larval aggregation was measured as |Δpl|, the absolute value of Δpl (see Methods). TREATMENT (F-C, F-F or C-C) and LARVAE were fixed main effects, whereas experimental day (DAY) was a random factor. DAY is nested within TREATMENT and was used as the error term in testing the effect of TREATMENT.

From: Clash of kingdoms or why Drosophila larvae positively respond to fungal competitors