Table 1 Endocrinological and behavioural consequences of domestication: Comparison between domestic (Cavia apera f. porcellus) and wild guinea pigs (Cavia aperea).

Endocrine parameters

endocrine stress response

Basal cortisol activity

D=W

27,28,29,32

HPA reactivity (cortisol)

D<W

27,28,29,32

Basal SAM activity

D=W

28

(TH activity)

SAM reactivity

D<W

27,28,29

(catecholamines)

gonadal hormones

Basal HPG activity (testosterone)

D>W

28,32

Behaviour

Courtship

Infantile

not exhibited

33

Adolescent

D>W

32

Adult

D>W

27,28,29

Sociopositive

Infantile

D>W

33

Adolescent

D>W

32

Adult

D>W

27,28,29

Aggressive

Infantile

not exhibited

33

Adolescent

not studied

–

Adult

D<W

27,28,29

Attentive

Infantile

D<W

33

Adolescent

not studied

–

Adult

D<W

27,28,29

Vocalization

Infantile

not studied

–

Adolescent

not studied

–

Adult

D>W

28

Exploration

Infantile

not studied

–

Adolescent

D<W

32

Adult

D<W

27,28,29

Risk-taking

Infantile

not studied

–

Adolescent

D<W

32

Adult

not studied

–

Anxiety-like

Infantile

not studied

–

Adolescent

D>W

32

Adult

not studied

–

Play

Infantile

D=W

33

Adolescent

not studied

–

Adult

D>W

94

Learning and memory

Infantile

not studied

–

Adolescent

not studied

–

adult

D>W

30,77

Maternal behaviour towards offspring

D>W

33