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Table 5 Angular analysis of alignment during urination in all males (pooled data without dog M07 and mean vectors of all males sorted into three categories according to the relative changes of magnetic field declination)

From: Dogs are sensitive to small variations of the Earth’s magnetic field

 

Pooled raw data

Means per dog (n ≥ 5)

Declination rate

0%

0.1-2%

>2%

0%

0.1-2%

>2%

Number of observations

491

256

655

22

15

22

Mean vector (μ)

293°

12°

84°

291°

355°

195°

Length of mean vector (r)

0.129

0.08

0.006

0.367

0.349

0.07°

Circular standard deviation

116°

129°

182°

81°

83°

132°

95% Conf. interval (-/+) for μ

265°-321°

310°-74°

-

246°-335°

290°-61°

315°-76°

99% Conf. interval (-/+) for μ

256°-329°

290°-94°

-

232°-349°

270°-81°

239°-151°

Rayleigh test (Z)

8.17

1.619

0.028

2.959

1.828

0.109

Rayleigh test (p)

2.8310-4

0.198

0.973

0.05

0.162

0.899

Rao’s spacing test (U)

260.285

281.656

283.053

148.258

147.139

127.188

Rao’s spacing test (p)

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

>0.1

>0.1

>0.5