Table 4 Angular and axial analysis of body orientation in dogs during urination
From: Dogs are sensitive to small variations of the Earth’s magnetic field
Urination: (all records) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Data type | Angular | Axial | ||||||||
Pooled | Means (n ≥ 5) | Pooled | Means (n ≥ 5) | |||||||
Males | M07 | Females | Males | Females | Males | M07 | Females | Males | Females | |
Number of observations | 1,402 | 2,478 | 1,702 | 24 | 35 | 1,402 | 2,478 | 1,702 | 24 | 35 |
Mean vector (μ) | 312° | 298° | 13° | 292° | 331° | 154°/334° | 175°/355° | 5°/185° | 89°/269° | 11°/191° |
Length of mean vector (r) | 0.048 | 0.105 | 0.03 | 0.213 | 0.213 | 0.037 | 0.196 | 0.132 | 0.101 | 0.292 |
Circular standard deviation | 141° | 122° | 152° | 101° | 101° | 74° | 52° | 58° | 61° | 45° |
95% Confidence interval (-/+) for μ | 268°-356° | 283°-313° | 309°-78° | 217°-8° | 269°-34° | 125°-183° | 171°-179° | 358°-12° | 9°-169° | 348°-33° |
99% Confidence interval (-/+) for μ | 254°-10° | 278°-318° | 288°-98° | 193°-31° | 249°-53° | 116°-192° | 169°-180° | 356°-15° | 343°-194° | 341°-40° |
Rayleigh test (Z) | 3.215 | 27.075 | 1.517 | 1.088 | 1.584 | 1.875 | 94.735 | 29.524 | 0.246 | 2.99 |
Rayleigh test (p) | 0.04 | 1.74⋅10-12 | 0.219 | 0.341 | 0.206 | 0.153 | < 10-12 | < 10-12 | 0.786 | 0.049 |
Rao’s spacing test (U) | 307.618 | 354.479 | 339.271 | 140.383 | 131.675 | 325.078 | 357.094 | 346.675 | 134.75 | 145.847 |
Rao’s spacing test (p) | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | >0.1 | >0.1 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | >0.1 | >0.1 |