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Figure 1 | Frontiers in Zoology

Figure 1

From: A precocious adult visual center in the larva defines the unique optic lobe of the split-eyed whirligig beetle Dineutus sublineatus

Figure 1

Brain and optic lobe organization in the adult whirligig beetle Dineutus sublineatus and the sunburst diving beetle Thermonectus marmoratus. A: The split optic lobes of the whirligig beetle, including upper and lower laminas (uLA and lLA), medullas (uME and lME) and a bilobed lobula that is fused at this frontal level of section (LO). B, C: Comparison between the whirligig lower optic lobe (B) and the optic lobe of the sunburst diving beetle (C). Each is equipped with a comparable lamina (LA), medulla (ME, outer and inner layers), lobula (LO) and a tectum-shaped lobula plate (LOP, in brackets). Blue: α-tubulin immunoreactivity; magenta: SYTO 13 nuclear staining. A: frontal section with the rostral brain margin to the top (rostral R according to the neuraxis = upper (u) according to body axis; caudal C according to the neuraxis = lower (l) according to body axis); B, C: horizontal section with the posterior brain margin to the top (D, neuraxis dorsal; p, body axis posterior; V, neuraxis ventral; a, body axis anterior). MB, mushroom body. Scale bars = 1mm in A; 100 μm in B, C.

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